ECO..Profits and morality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ECO..Profits and profound quality - Assignment Example This is on the grounds that there will never again be an inspiration to continue doing paying or, more than likely the electric flexibly will be cut off. In any case, for this situation of opportunity to dynamic including utilization has prompted a negative result diminishing the prosperity of the free enterprise electric organization that is there for benefit. Another model referenced includes Ford Pinto model of vehicle and is a very much reported occurrence with respect to the blemished back motors of the vehicle that could find fire following impacts (Sidewinder77, 2007b). In the event that individuals were given the opportunity to choose about the creation and purchasing factors of the vehicle, most people would not follow through on a greater expense for a more secure vehicle. This choice would at last increment the danger of being defenseless to death by a broken vehicle since individuals, whenever given the opportunity to choose, would not generally pick soundly accordingly diminishing by and large prosperity of the

Social Problem Essay Example Essay Example

Social Problem Essay Example Paper Social Problem Essay Introduction These days , social issues are intense and we should give more consideration to these issues. As a piece of the network , we ought to be worried about social issues. Consistently we read the paper and get the report from media, pretty much consistently the paper and the media reports are about the social issues. A wide range of social issues will show up in our encompassing , yet we can't choose to disregard and a hard of hearing ear. We have to discover approaches to take care of these social issues with the goal that the general public won't be mess request. Social issues are some condition , set of occasions or gathering of people establishes an inconvenient circumstance that should be changed or improved. Social issues resemble time bomb , when it detonate, it will be crazy. Social issues let us live in a compelled circumstance. Today’s society there are an excessive number of instances of social issues, I took a couple of progressively well known guides to clarify in deta il. Clarify the social issues at long last how it influences the development of our nation and the methods for forestall to decrease the social issue. Presently, we investigate what social issues are the most mainstream . Social Problem Essay Body Paragraphs Right off the bat ,the most widely recognized and the most genuine social issues throughout our life are hoodlums. Talking about criminals, will make individuals tremble with dread. Hoodlums are not restricted to age, past might be more seasoned foundation criminals, presently both essential and optional schools additionally have a gathering of understudies make an own hoodlum inside the school. They will expect understudies to pay a security expense , if understudies don't, they will utilize intends to drive understudies pay assurance cash . Criminals may terrorizing , badgering and discover somebody to hit the understudy until the understudy ready to pay cash. For whatever length of time that somebody outraged criminal chief or sibling, the man must not find a sense of contentment. Hoodlums will send somebody to give notice and told the man who is the more grounded one. Criminals likewise smoking , battling , raise hell and incite others all over. In short , they do any terrible th ing, additionally menace the frail . New packs likewise never lost on the old group . Next, the groups will make the development of our nation have a negative effect . These will be brought to the network a ton of superfluous difficulty and dread. With the goal that the nation would be in a truly precarious state. Individuals in different nations will be disappointedin our nation, they are hesitant to exchange our nation and the monetary will downturn . Just with the goal that our nation is incredibly misfortunes and enough to influence the improvement of the nation . In addition , there are a few different ways to forestall the foundation of packs . The initial step is at whatever point you see somebody association packs quickly caution . Second is guides to direct these children . Additionally let the guardians give more consideration to children’s conduct and patterns ,and more worry for youngsters . The subsequent issue is roads turned parking lots , in our nation consist ently happen the traffic issues particularly during the pinnacle time are regularly congested roads . I frequently imagine that our nation truly is such a large number of vehicles? Our nation has numerous open vehicle can ride like transport and LRT . At long last is excessively rich or individuals would prefer not to take the open vehicle with others or they don't need get up ahead of schedule to get the transport and LRT . As I would see it , the greater part of the vehicles are driving one in the working hours . Furthermore, a family is more than possessing a vehicle . When there is the celebration season , have long lines of vehicles out and about . Individuals are required to go through a large portion of a day in the vehicle ,it’s actually a migraine . Aside from that ,this issue makes our country’s poor notoriety with regards to the transportation. Outsiders assessment of our traffic is low. Influence the positioning of our nation is genuinely falling behind . T his is sufficient to influence our notoriety seriously harmed . Following that ,have a difficult we need to go to explain . The arrangement of an automobile overload is government can enormously advance the open vehicle and clarify the benefit of utilizing open vehicle . In the event that simply your partners or companions to a similar spot , that just driving a vehicle is sufficient or everybody turns driving their own vehicle with an associate or companion . For whatever length of time that individuals are happy to go along , then the issue can be unraveled . The third issue that I believe should be given more consideration to is unlawful worker. Illicit migrants blended the name proposes is that there is no affirmed . Illicit migrants once they are gotten will endure serious discipline or be compelled to exit or leave to nation they are in. In the event that the illicit migrants feel that the nation isn't appropriately dealt with, these movement will have the option to sneak into our nation with no dread of being gotten or rebuffed . Our nation has a colossal and significant piece of duty and furthermore need to guarantee that there are no issues in the nation because of these workers. Unlawful workers apparently harmless, yet in actuality , it hurt not to be looked downward on little . Their appearance with the goal that individuals decrease occupations , in light of the fact that their low compensations , better productivity and the significant one, they are dedicated than individuals in our nation . The other is that they cause a ton of pain and they will burglarize and inconvenience . Numerous social disarray is fabricated or are cased generally by them . We ought to quickly think about an approach to take care of this issue so we are getting the security and peacefulness. The checkpoint staff should carefully direct movement checkpointsand not to let them wade through . Individuals are urgerto give close consideration to dubious individual around and w henever discovered, it must be promptly notifiedto the police . Police and individuals ‘s participation are basic and crucial to get serious about unlawful foreigners. The fourth social issue is separate from which occurs in each spot far and wide. There will be a separation as long as there are men , ladies , and wedded . I truly can't make sense of why individuals need a separation and had decided to wed . In spite of the fact that separation is extremely simple , yet the marriage isn't child’ s play . Since the first idea of marriage , think about the results of separation , don't motivation terrible all through life . The high separation rate is anything but something beneficial for a nation . On the off chance that the separation rate is higher , for the benefit of the individuals doesn't focus on the perspectives on marriage . Marriage is a sacrosanct thing , numerous individuals have decided on early marriage . Therefore and cause the separation rate to improve . This nation has given the feeling that marriage is a disappointment , this by and by subverts the notoriety of the nation . What strategy can lessen the separation rate? It is dependent upon individuals to their own thoughts . Government ought to be approached the individuals to not be too soon marriage , early marriage has a great deal of potential issues . Presently , society troublesome and having a family isn't a simple assignment . Marriage brought forth the youngster , if separate from the kid doesn't have an ideal family condition to develop and will leave to youth shadow . At last enduring lone kid . So , consider it before marriage . The fifth is natural contamination issues , this is likewise the network most concern . Ecological contamination refersto human released to nature than its self-purging limit of substances or vitality , with the goal that the nature of the earth to lessen the marvels of an antagonistic effect on the endurance and improvement of humankind , bio logical systems , and property . The most widely recognized are water contamination , air contamination , and commotion contamination . Water contamination will mischief to human demise and straightforwardly influence the water nature of the drinking water source at that point produce numerous maladies . Moreover , it will oblige monetary improvement in light of the fact that the modern utilization of water as a crude material or washing items and legitimately take part in the handling of items. Crumbling of the water quality will straightforwardly influence the nature of item. Water contamination for human wellbeing , agribusiness , fisheries and other sideline have generally influenced the advancement of the economy! Air contamination will influence the body wellbeing and furthermore the effect of climate and atmosphere . Individuals accept that environmental change may cause an assortment of air poisons , carbon dioxide has a huge job in . The substance of carbon dioxide in the e nvironment as indicated by the present pace of increment proceeds , following various years will make the north and south parts of the bargains softening , prompting worldwide atmosphere irregularities . Clamor contamination will harm to the becoming aware of the human body . The more regrettable case can cause deafness. Clamor can prompt an assortment of sicknesses . The effect of clamor on rest extraordinary , individuals even in rest , hearing , need to hold up under the commotion boost . It will divert individuals ’ s consideration , prompting inert , weariness , diminished work productivity and blunder rate rise . In this way, we should not disparage the significance of these three contamination harmed. It must figure out how to forestall . Counteraction and treatment strategies for all contamination is seriously rebuffed or offer admonition to them . Clamor counteraction measures is to limit the sound decibel worth or utilize sound †retaining , sound protection , c ommotion hindrance detachment and different measures . For air contamination is lessening discharges of poisons and afforestation . There is additionally a most significant is to begin with ourselves . Try not to toss squander , the ideal city is everybody ’s duty . Finally , the method for forestalling water contamination is before we drink the water , we bubbled or channel it . We likewise can effectively advance â€Å"clean production† . Clean creation to change the current impractical methodsof crude material and vitality utilization , to support maintainable creation utilizing non-poisonous items . Obviously , our legislature should control our condition . Can't simply verbally consented to without activity on the grounds that securing the earth is everybody â

Class and Society in The Defense of Poesy - Literature Essay Samples

Class and Society in The Defense of Poesy Sir Philip Sidney’s The Defense of Poesy, written in 1579 and published in 1575 (Norton Anthology Volume B) is a literary composition that preserved the eloquence and sophistication of poetry, allowing poetry to continue to be a flourishing and influential form of writing. However, Sidney’s work also further upheld the supremacy of poetry, and how this form of literary work was considered to be only for the most high class and elite persons of society. The Defense of Poesy affirms the social hierarchy that determines cultural class systems by continuously enforcing features of poetry. These features that Sidney writes include themes of power, strength and intelligence, which all confirm an underlying tone of Sidney’s work that poetry is meant for the elite nobility and high class socialites. Without saying so directly, Sidney implicates through The Defense of Poesy that poetry is a sophisticated and complicated form of ar t that should be consumed and enjoyed by those who are educated enough to understand it and appreciate it. There is no room nor bandwidth in Sidney’s defense of poetry for the common reader, much less the illiterate and uneducated, to partake in form of writing that enforces classist values. While Sidney’s critical piece to defend the importance of poetry was crucial to keeping poetic writing form alive and relevant, it also created a divide in readers, due to the fact that poetry was either inaccessible, unavailable or unable to be understood by anyone except the elite. Sidney enforces the elitism of poesy by stating that poetry in itself is a creative imitation of other forms of art and literary works. In doing so, Sidney claims that poetry that is based off of the works of other well-known and prestigious writers, ranging from ancient Greek philosophers to Biblical figures, the poet/ knight/ courtier/ renaissance man attempts to display the supremacy of poetry as a writing form that mimics other famous works that many poems are inspired by. Sir Sidney takes the concept that imitation is the highest form of flattery into hi definition of poesy which is as follows, â€Å"Poesy therefore is an imitation, for so Aristotle termeth it in the word mimesis a speaking picture- with this end, to teach and delight† (Sidney 553). Sidney claims that poetry is a high class form of art because it imitates other esteemed forms of art. In that, Sidney claims that the emulations of poetry compared to other acclaimed works from throughout history are what poetry so impactful and powerful. Sidney mentions how poetry in England specifically was based off of works from famous historical figures like King David from the Bible, which is an extremely important figure to the readers of the text due to the religious acuity of David himself. It is likely that Sidney mentions David due to the many poems he wrote that are published in the book of Psalms in the Bible (Psalms, King James Version). Not only was David the author of many different poems, the breadth and content of his poems were inspirational and significant, especially to Sidney, as he mentions in The Defense of Poesy. Sidney mentions how even Kings of old not only found poetry to be important, but they thought it was an essential form of writing, â€Å"Sweet poesy, that hath anciently had kings, emperors, senators, great captains, such as, besides a thousand others, David†¦ not only to favor poets but to be poets;† (Sidney 576). The English knight and poet also lists Adrian, Sophocles and Germanicus, th ree other ancient historical figures who had great poetic contributions that are crucial pieces of art. Despite their differentiating backgrounds from ancient Israel, ancient Greece, and the Roman Empire (Norton Anthology Volume B), Sidney included all four of these figures to showcase how even the strongest of military leaders were advocates for poetry themselves. While many people who were in opposition toward the importance of poetry might have assumed that it was an obsolete form of writing that was purposeless and had no meaning, Sidney used the example of great militaristic kings and emperors who used poetry as a means to express their thoughts and feelings in a format of art that could be shared with the world. While the battles of these great kings lasted for a short time, their poems outlasted the wars, showing how poetry is in fact the opposite of obsolete but rather as beneficial and relevant. Since Sir Sidney was a knight and warrior himself, it makes sense that he would exemplify the power of military leaders who were also poets as a display of why poetry is important.These examples of military leaders and kings that Sidney uses to defend poetry are not the only ones of their kind. Moreover, Sidney references mythical and fictional figures who are featured in important historic poems, including the likes of Hercules and King Arthur. Sidney states that poetry is the most high form of writing and that it is, â€Å"by the Greeks called architeconike† (Sidney 555), where he further explains how poetry is to be considered â€Å"chief art† (Norton Anthology 555), in that there is no other form of art or writing that is better than poetry. This egotistical defense of poetry claims that there is nothing greater than the prose of a poet, and since Sidney himself is the author of many poems, one can hardly help but wonder if this defense of poesy is also a defense of Sidney’s own works of art. Sir Philip Sidney elaborates to tell the readers of how noble the act of writing poetry is, and goes on about how poetry has the same level of nobility as knighthood does, â€Å"Wherein, if we can, show we the poet’s nobleness† (Sidney 555). Sidne y continues to defend the nobility of poetry by convincing the readers that the stories of heroes that are written in poetic form are not only vital to history but are also enjoyed by so many, proving poetry’s societal relevance, â€Å"glad will they to be to hear the tales of Hercules†¦ and hearing them, must needs hear the right description of wisdom, valor, and justice† (Sidney 562). The poems featuring such heroes are an inspiration to the readers who want to integrate values such as the ones that are listed in the quote above. Sidney exemplifies the heroic works featured in poems about these famous heroes to further defend the art form of poetry as a whole. The author justifies how poetry is intended to make the readers process their thoughts and emotions and to embrace and contemplate on the message of which the poet is trying to portray. Sidney displays the strengths of poetry by highlighting more famous figures known for their heroism and strength. The knight-poet himself goes on to describe the character of the legendary Arthur, a legendary king of England who was epically known across the lands as a hero. Sidney goes on to tell of how even King Arthur himself was a proponent and supporter of poetry as well, â€Å"For poetry is the companion of camps†¦ honest King Arthur would never displease a soldier† (Sidney 573). Sidney uses the example of King Arthur to appease the so called charges against poetry itself (Sidney 568), knowing that such a famous hero and king who was known for his courageousness, honor and honesty would be a trustworthy critic, and if even the great King Arthur supported his soldiers to read poetry, then it must be worthy of the highest esteem. In turn, Sidney uses the charming and revered characteristics of King Arthur, an esteemed legend in English folklore and cultural history to persuade the readers and prosecutors of poesy to cherish the form of literary work as sophisticated, essential and inspirational. Despite these seemingly wonderful features, King Arthur was also known to be conniving and iniquitous, and these lesser known features are also the same ones that classified him as an elitist. Even though King Arthur was known for his genuine and down-to-earth characteristics, he was also a key proponent to social hierarchy, and also an accomplice to making poetry a item only meant for high society. Similarly, Sir Philip Sidney exploited the legend of King Arthur to keep poetry in the hands of the elite. To further make his claim, Sidney defends poetry by arguing that this artistic form of literary works was meant to be consumed by the educated and intelligent, which in turn also made it unavailable to anyone outside of these qualifications (which usually meant anyone was not of nobility or high society, like himself). Sidney elaborates throughout his defense on how historians and philosophers differ from poets, and how poesy is superior to both because it is both based off of the past and the future, rather than dwelling on just one of these things. Poesy is argued to be a form of art that is for the educated, as Sidney produces a piece of rhetoric to convince the reader that they must have a certain level of intelligence to understand the structure and format of poetry, â€Å"that may the poet with his imitation make his own, beautifying it for further teaching and reading†¦ having all, from Dante’s heaven to his hell, under the authority of his pen† (Sidney 560) . Sidney states that poets must be brilliantly creative in order to write their works, and is implying also that the readers must be able to properly digest the complicated structure and form of poetry with intelligence and dignity in order to fully comprehend the depth of poetry itself. Creative intellect of both the author and the reader are necessary in order for poetry to be fully understood, according to Sidney. Not just anyone is talented or wise enough to sit down with pen and paper to write a poem. According to Sidney, a poet must create an imitation of another work as a form of art and turn it into a poem, all the while using his or her own creativity and imagination to turn the literary work into something unique and entirely their own. There is an entire world of possibility for poets, yet Sidney has an underlying tone that the poet must be wise enough to differentiate what and what not to write about. Even the text itself references a famous piece of Italian literature, that only the most educated person would know, in order to emphasize the depth of intelligence necessary to create and consume poetry. Additionally, Sidney also claims the opposite, in that those who mock or refute poetry are uneducated and do not truly understand it if otherwise. Sidney condemns the cynics and the skeptics of poetry, as he believes that those who do not appreciate poetry are too uneducated and foolish to truly understand it, â€Å"First, truly I note not only in misomousoi, poet-hatersâ₠¬ ¦ may stay the brain from a thorough-beholding the worthiness of the subject† (Sidney 568). Sir Philip Sidney not only defends poetry with this statement, but attacks those who do not support it and is in essence questioning their intelligence, discernment and overall common sense. Additionally, Sidney uses the argument of Plato against poetry to actually support it by exposing Plato’s argument and agreeing with the ancient philosopher on how the content of poetry is important. Plato, in this scenario, was expressing his frustration of how poets of his time would write poetry that was falsifying the characteristics of the ancient Grecian gods. Plato blames other poets for the incorrect information put out by other poets and â€Å"Plato found fault that the poets of his time filled the world with wrong opinions of the gods, making light tales of that unspotted essence† (Sidney 575). The disrespectful manner that Plato accuses the other poets of having is similar to Sidney’s feelings about why poetry must be written and read by persons intelligent enough to understand it. Additionally, Sidney argues that it is better to praise the poet than to listen and to suffer the complaints of those who speak ill-will against poetry. Sidney calls for his readers to join him in admiration of the poets and to refute anyone who speaks out against poetry, â€Å"Let us rather plant more laurels for to engarland the poets’ heads†¦ than suffer the ill-savored breath of such wrong-speakers† (Sidney 576). Sidney is directly persuading the readers to join him in advocating poetry and to oppose anyone who does not hold this same opinion about poetry. Sir Philip Sidney’s literary piece intended to defend poetry from attack was not only effective but also successful, as it has kept poetry relevant since. However, through all of this, Sidney also created a further divide in the accessibility of poetry. By claiming that poetry is only for the powerful, the strong and the intelligent, this is basically forcing out anyone who is not from the upper class from being able to read and analyze poetry. Sidney makes it nearly impossible for someone with no social clout, no political power and little education to be able to have access to poetry. The lack of inclusiveness Sidney has in regard to the audience of poetry is discouraging, as it would seem logical to include anyone who might be interested in reading poetry to do so. However, Sidney does quite the opposite and makes it so that he indirectly disqualifies many people from having the opportunity to read poesy. While The Defense of Poesy is a wonderful piece of literature that encourages readers to be advocates for poetry, it also creates a divide as Sir Philip Sidney reduces his audience by making poetry only available to the elite and high class, which in turn is an oxymoronic result that contradicts Sidney’s original intent of the literary piece that defends poetry.

Online Journalism and the New Media; Implications for...

INTRODUCTION The new media announces a new period of media development in the world over, it is the one that preaches the significance of new communications technologies. The new media is not just a kind of information technology but also part and parcel of the social being of man in this modern society. At the threshold of this fairly new millennium (2000 A.D.), there was a sporadic turn-around in the existing branches of the global media. This catapulted the world into a new information order that forcefully attempted to erode the conventional media. This turn-around made the traditional media ¡Ã‚ ¦s dictators and gatekeepers to loose their hold. The sub  ¡V editors, and editors who control what comes into the news, and by implication, what†¦show more content†¦Dominick 2005: 312 THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE To best understand the thematic preoccupation of this work, the concept of critical mass theory as it applies to the adoption of a new communication technology is desirable and would be used. The term comes from physics, where critical mass refers to the minimum amount of material needed to trigger and sustain a radioactive chain reaction. The term has been loosely applied to communication and refers to the minimum number of people needed as adopters before a new communication technology can have a permanent place in the society Kaye and Medoff, 2001. Williams, Strover and Grant (1994) corroborate An interesting aspect of the critical mass perspective is that widespread use appears to have a snowball effect. Once a perceived critical mass is using the technology, those without it are strongly motivated to adopt it. The reasoning here is that despite the drawbacks, such as cost or difficulty in using the technology, people (and institutions) are pressured to adopt the technology because failure to do so may exclude them from existing communication networks. Markus (1987), while making a case for the adoption of interactive communication technologies, suggested three propositions in the adoption process as cited in Kaye and Medoff (2001). First, the adoption and use of technology is anShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Technological Change And Cultural Change2621 Words   |  11 Pagesthe last decade and these changes have affected all aspects of life including media. The advent of social media tools such as twitter and facebook means users do not have to wait to get to k now about particular news. In other words, they have instant access to news today and this was not the case about 15 years ago. During the Pre-Internet era, people had to wait for news to get published in their local news and this news that eventually came to them were filtered and edited to ensure that people heardRead MoreWhy Democracy Needs an Investigative Journalism1815 Words   |  8 PagesDemocracy†. -Thomas Jefferson In the world we are living today, investigative journalism is becoming a significant part in our daily lives as it informs, unleash and reveals us the happenings in our community, society, government and in the country. Having the democracy to exercise and express our freedom of the press, which was have been suppressed before, during the Marcos regime, we can say that the Philippine news media’s role is critical to the advancement and preservation of the country’s democraticRead MoreUGT in the 21st Century14999 Words   |  60 Pagesnot a rigorous social science theory. In this article, I argue just the opposite, and any attempt to speculate on the future direction of mass communication theory must seriously include the uses and gratifications approach. In this article, I assert that the emergence of computer-mediated communication has revived the significance of uses and gratifications. 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Negative Effects Of Social Media On Youth - 1088 Words

Social media is best left alone Social media is considered to be a huge stepping stone in the technological age; it allows for connections to be made across all social and economic platforms. There are many positive accomplishments we can attribute to social media, there are also some very negative side effects that go hand in hand with the use of social media. From the absence of soft skills to the lasting damage of focus, social media may not be the saving grace we are looking for. The wide spread use of social media has detrimental effects on the development of today’s youth. The detrimental effects social media has on today’s youth should make us rethink our evolution of technology. The repeated use of social media is harmful to†¦show more content†¦90% of teachers have stated that short attention spans and easily distracted generation was created by the digital technology (Richtel). Indirectly studies have shown that in adsolent brains continual use of tec hnology, specifically the constant stimulation and swift changes in attention spans, has effected the performance of students (Richtel). Many kids spend all waking hours being constantly surrounded by stimulation so when given a task that doesn’t require or have the necessary stimulation students then find it hard to participate and focus on the task at hand. In addition, with information being rapidly available students spend more time multitasking during school rather than strengthening their ability to sit down and focus onto one single subject for more than a short period of time. Along with that the constant stimulus of technology has led to the decrease in student’s ability to retain information taught in school, due to being constantly surrounded by abbreviations and sloppy syntax. More and more students are forgetting grammar rules and the basic ability to spell due to repeated exposure (Aldiyer). Majority of this problem lies in the technological use at early ages as students spend time in school learning properly how to use grammar and spelling but then at home completely back tract and do not use proper grammar or spelling. It is not a new phenomenon that social media and technology has detrimental effects on our mental and physicalShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Social Media On Youth1535 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media sites allow millions of people to interact with friends,family and anyone around the world. A large portion of social media users are teenagers; researchers and parents both believe that social media is having a multitude of possible effects on teenagers. This literature review will analyze research of the positive and negative effects social media are having on today’s impressionable youth. 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Social networking consists of various social media websites such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, etc. These social media applications have become increasingly popular amongst teens. The web’s social network has grown to be one of the largest and most influential outlet on the internet. Social media have both a positiveRead MoreBad Influence of Mass Media on Kids1499 Words   |  6 Pageschildren than ever before. The internet and the media are bringing the outside world into your home; your childs peers; the influences on children from movies and the music they listen to are growing in importance and influence every day, the negative effects of television violence to children, negative effects marijuana, cigarettes, alcohol and some of the heavier drugs are all having negative influences on child brain development. If youRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography1438 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Negative Effect of Social Media on Society and Individuals | Chron.com. Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved March 15 2013 lt;http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-effect-social-media-society-individuals-27617.htmlgt;. This is an article which talks about how the social networking system, although looks really great is in the same way has a negative effect in the society. False sense of communication is one of the many problems social networking faces. Social mediaRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1592 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of vast social media networks has improved our communications and interactions. These networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are essential to how information is shared and criticized. The Social Media Handbook defines social media as â€Å"networked information services designed to support in-depth interaction, community formation, collaborative opportunities and collaborative work† (Hunsinger, 2014 p.1). Having an account or profile on these sites is more than a social norm; it is a requirementRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Music On Social Behavior Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesIn society today, it is highly noticed that the role of rap music me ssages and video images of violence causes an increase in negative emotions, thoughts and behaviors which could lead to violence amongst youth. Rap music has been at the center of concern in regards to the potential harmful effect of violent media on social behavior amongst youth. This potential behavior could be seen in the music video titled â€Å"Kim† by Eminem. In this music video, the storyline, language and sound encourages hostileRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household,Read MoreThe Effects Of Online Social Media On Young People s Lives1203 Words   |  5 PagesOnline social media platforms have grown and gained popularity worldwide. With time, most generations have embraced and gotten acquainted to the changes brought by social media, young adults and teenagers are the most avid users and biggest fans of sites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. With all the popularity social media sites have gained, it is no surprise that they have piqued many researche rs’ interests. Numerous studies online social media have showed that such sites are impacting andRead MoreYouth and the Media Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesYouth and the Media A major stepping stone in the path of contemporary youth is that of the media and it’s all to often fatalistic, unfavourable and adverse representation of today’s youth. The media primarily are modes of communication in contemporary culture

Culture and Diversity in Decision Making free essay sample

The definition of the mission and goals of the enterprise is the foundation for any business. Mission is the answer to the question, what is the activity of the company is and what it intends to do. Procter Gamble has a pretty clear statement: We are there to improve your life After the mission, the organization needs to define the purpose. In this case, the goal to produce goods and services of the highest quality and customer value that improve the lives of todays and future generations around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture and Diversity in Decision Making or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Consumers help to take a leading position in terms of sales, to ensure the prosperity of the business that contributes to the well-being of employees and shareholders, as well as those areas where employees live and work. The goal unites workers for the common cause of the growth strategy. It has great potential due to a simple idea to improve on daily lives of consumers around the world. It is this setting allows P G to achieve maximum full growth. So, from the above we can highlight the important goals of the company: A. Providing quality products, customer focus; B. Creating a stable, growing company. 3. About the PG company’s culture signs. The company provides a certain amount of self – dependence divisional governance structure that provides greater flexibility and faster response to changes in the business environment compared to the linear and linear- staff. Managerial responsibility for the activities of the company both in the domestic and foreign market is shared between them. This type of structure combines centralized coordination and control of centrally managed. Key figures in the management of an organization with a divisional structure not heads of functional units, and the managers in charge of the production department, the so-called divisions. The company groups are formed by categories, each of which includes experts in marketing, sales and advertising. These narrow specialists provide each its part under the direct control of the manager category. The level of the manager is very high. 4. Factors that caused the organization to embody this particular culture. PG company has been working toward keeping its reputation and standards in all field. Since it was established, PG has built rich heritage of touching consumers’ lives with brands that make life a little better every day. Here is to motto says â€Å"Do the Right Thing – For each other† The culture of the company is based on the basic moral and ethical values leadership, striving for the victory, the hosts respect, honesty and trust. These values are not something abstract they define the actions of the company. 5. What type of leader would be the best? In my opinion there are many reasons that this leader structure will be effective. First, as part of a huge company it managed to create an environment where every employee is interesting to work with. The responsibility of each employee, including the manager is the main driving force effectiveness. And this is the result of the constructed system of management, whose main task is to create conditions for the moral and material interests of each employee. Second, the complexity of management and collective management style in this company is proposed to use a single control method. The management system is structured in a complex of  functional subsystems. That is, they include highlights key subsystems within each of which formed goals, measurable indicators are introduced, developed a system for calculating them are formalized standards, business processes and organizational procedures. Disconnected from the management of the business functions of the companys managers are moving to a collective system of integrated management of business functions. 6. Imagine that there is a decline in the demand of products. What the change in culture would be need to be in response to this situation. I think company’s CEO should work with the sale’s department. Look up their regular planning and control of the department and its employees, hiring, selection and adaptation of staff; employee motivation, training, exchange of experience, the general debriefing, evaluation of the department, the calculation of cost of sales, cost of sales regulation, evaluation of individual performance of employees. In one word they have to find out their mistake and fix it, because without a reason demand not decreasing itself. References CNBC television channel – Documentary film about Procter Gamble company. Retrieved from http://www.hulu.com/watch/286095 Charan, R. (2008, August 26). PG’s innovation culture: How we built the world-class organic growth engine by investing in people. Retrieved from http://www.strategy-business.com/article/08304?pg=all Procter and Gamble. (2013). Our worldwide business conduct manual. Retrieved from http://www.pg.com/en_US/downloads/company/governance/Policy_Worldwide_Business Conduct_Manual.pdf Schermerhorn, J. R. (2012). Organizational behavior (12th ed.). Danvers, MA: John Wiley Sons, Inc

Slave Ship free essay sample

The Slave Ship by Marcus Rediker is a great fiction novel that describes the horrifying experiences of Africans, seamen, and captains on their Journey through the Middle Passage. The Middle Passage marked the water way in the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the Americas. The use of slaves provided a great economy for the European countries due to the fact that these African slaves provided free labor while cultivating sugar cane in the Caribbean and America. Rediker describes the slave migration by saying, There exists no account of the mechanism for historys greatest forced migration, which was in many ways the key to an entire phase of lobalization (10). This tells us that African enslavement to the Americas causes a complete shift in the balance of globalization. Africans who became enslaved were usually prisoners of war between tribes. Merchants would give goods to the chiefs of villages for these people. Men, women, and children were stripped away from their own homes by being kidnapped, as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Slave Ship or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These slaves would travel up to six months to the coast of the Atlantic Ocean to reach what is known as the slave ship. From here, they were abused by having to live in a harsh environment in the Journey hrough the Middle Passage. Many slaves would not even make it to their destination, but those who did were sold to spend the rest of their life cultivated mainly sugar cane. Rediker offers new insights to human history by researching many documents to find the hard truth in this novel to how slavery was introduced in the Americas. Rediker uses his research to explain how difficult it was for Africans to be introduced to the harsh lifestyle of slavery. He uses many diaries of the slave ships captains, and even a few slaves, to bring to life the brutality that was inflicted to hese innocent people emotionally and physically on the slave ship. Africans rebelled constantly against the slave traders every chance they had. Theyre very few slaves that would escape enslavement and live a free life, while many others perished into the horrific lifestyle of slavery. Some Africans did not go without putting up a fght. For instance, Captain Tomba led many villagers in burning huts and killing neighbors who cooperated with slave traders (14). He was later captured and sent to the slave ship where he would be sold in the New World. The slaves also resisted by refusing to eat. Most of them decided they would rather have death than to live the lifestyle on the slave ships. The captains punished those who refused to eat by giving them lashes to the bare skin until they decided to eat. Olaudah Equiano could be considered one of the more fortunate Africans involved in the slave trade. Rediker uses Equiano to show how Africans were kidnapped and brought to the slave ship. Equiano was home alone with his sister when he was snatched by a neighboring enemy tribe. Tribes were kidnapping each other to sell to the slave traders for goods and even weapons. Equiano was separated from his sister and sold off to merchants before actually boarding the slave ship. He mentioned several times how he would rather die than be on the slave ship. He noticed right away that the slave ship was equipped with nettings to prevent precisely such desperate rebellion (109). Equiano went to the Americas and was left alone when none of the merchants purchased him. He was sold toa captain and He got to stay on the deck and eat better food than he had during the Middle Passage. He also befriended a young child who was one of the captains apprentices. Equiano lived a free life and became literate as he wrote his own autobiography. The fear that the seamen were cannibals was very common on the slave ships. Fear was enriched into the thoughts of these slaves because they had no idea where they were going and what was to become of them. They also did not know what to expect from the captain along with his crew. The fear of being eaten by them and abused led them to wanting death. Communication was also a key to the slaves. Many of the slaves came from different tribes, so it was hard to communicate with each other since they had different languages. When they finally became a sort of new tribe on the slave ship, they reached the end of their Journey and lost the bonds that they made when being sold off. The Middle Passage was not only harsh for the slaves, but for the ships crew, as well. James Field Stanfield was a seaman who participated in the slave trade. Like many of the crew, Stanfield occasionally boarded ships to work for cruel captains. Some captains punished his crew as often as they did the slaves. Stanfield accounts that even at one point he had to take over for the doctor and dress wounds from the ashes on slaves and even the crew. He describes the Journey through the Middle Passage as horrific. He describes the working environment by saying seamen were also forced to work when sick, sometimes with fatal consequences (148). Stanfield is a living proof of the harsh conditions watching his crew members die and be tossed overboard. Sharks played a role in the Middle Passage. Sharks were known to follow ships because of the enormous amount of dead slaves and crew members being tossed over. John Newton was a rebellious crew member who turned into a good, Christian slave ship captain. He is portrayed of being extremely rebellious at first, and develops a heart and sincerity for the slaves. He improved the living quarters for the slaves by cleaning the small rooms below the decks to prevent disease and sickness from spreading. Newton also provided better food to the slaves feeling as though he would make more money if they were in good health when reaching port. The start of abolishing slavery started and was growing rapidly in Europe due to the amount of deaths and harsh lifestyle along the Middle Passage. The relationship between shipmates and captives was also terrifying, as well. When the slaves were brought to the ships, they were stripped of their clothing. Women had to squat to hide their genital area. The ship had one general rule when keeping the slaves locked up. Rediker says that all men were manacled and shackled at the wrist and leg, women and children were left unconstrained (267). The horrifying thing about these shackles was that they stripped the flesh off of the slaves. Ships were using a significant number of the enslaved t work aboard the vessel, at a wide variety of tasks central to the shipboard economy (268). This helped he crew with the Journey and caused a lesser workload for them. Even women were used as cooks to feed the ships population. This gave the slaves more interaction with the voyage. The mortality rate decreased since the slaves were not being constantly cooped up in the small living quarters that they were placed in at first. Rediker uses this human history to describe several things. He shows throughout the gathering forces that would bring it to an end (352). This novel is portrayed as a great human history because of the way Rediker shows both sides of slavery and the Middle Passage. He shows the merchants who thought of the slaves as nothing but profit. These merchants did not care what would happen to the slaves considering that it was no loss to them if one died. He also shows how abolitionists fight the horrific lifestyle on the slave ships. Although most do not want to end slavery all together until a later date, they desired a better living environment for the slaves while aboard the slave ships. Rediker efficiently uses his research to conduct this book in showing the terror and harsh lifestyle of a slave during the slave route from Africa to the Americas in what is known as the Middle Passage.

Running on Ritalin essays

Running on Ritalin essays Running on Ritalin was written by a psychologist, who finds himself torn over the treatment of difficult children. Dr. Lawrence H. Diller has had the opportunity to work with an array of unique children. He also has witnessed his form of profession evolve into something he is not sure he wants to be a part of. Throughout Dr. Diller's book, he presents many cases along with his opinion and actions on them. Within Running on Ritalin, Lawrence H. Diller, M.D. draws upon many issues that ritalin faces today and in its future. In Dr. Diller's book, the main purpose that is expressed is to show the pros and cons of ritalin. Dr. Diller would bring up an example of ritalin use , then allowing us, the readers, to draw to our own conclusions. Though I found his personal opinion interesting and informational, at times it was over baring with negative reflection. While reading the material in Running on Ritalin, I found that he supported his conclusions and generalizations completely. Dr. Lawrence H. Diller always made sure to let you know what his thought process was that lead to the particular outcome . He achieved this by using clear language and by enplaning any technical terms in common language. Yet the book was not a complete bore. Throughout Dr. Lawrence Diller's book he states many of his personal opinions. Many of them supported with a valid source. Still I would find myself drawing to my own conclusion after reading a situation, only to be persuaded into believing his thought process. Not to say that at a majority of the times I felt that I was on the same page with the ideas of Dr. Diller. ...

Letter of Advice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Letter of Advice - Research Paper Example The most important thing in a new relationship is to develop understanding and trust among each other. Only with understand can hindrances or fail of communication can be coped up. One very common example of a failure in effective communication occurs when interaction or communication between people take place either in a crowded place or through a medium like telephone where the voice cannot be heard properly. Under such circumstances, it is very much possible that a partner could misinterpret or hear something else that was intended to. For example while taking the course we came across a couple in class that shared their experience of miscommunication over the phone. The couple had recently tied the knot and one fine day while talking on the phone from office the female partner said â€Å"Honey my life was so incomplete without you.† The male partner heard the sentence wrong and asked â€Å"Do you mean to say that your life was complete without me and that now I am part of it it’s not complete?† The female partner without realizing what she heard said yes. This infuriated the male partner and he banged the phone down only to return home late and drunk that night. Later when the issue was sorted out the problem looked very simple but because the two of them had not known each other that well, it had looked very big before. Our lecturer then told us that it is very important to develop an understanding so one could know what to expect from the other. The lecturer gave the example of the couple and said that if there was better understanding between the couple at that moment in their life then an incident of that nature would not have taken place. The male partner would know that his female partner would never say something like that and even if she does then maybe in light humour. This was an ideal example of misconception in interpersonal communication (West and Turner, 2010). The relationship of a newly engaged couple is very delicate as both the partners try to make maximum effort in trying to understand each other. It is also a testing time when a partner tests the patience, attitude, behaviour and other characteristics of his or her counterpart. It is very important to select the words in order to create and affect the attitude, behaviour and perception. Words once spilled out from the mouth can never be taken back no matter how sweet or bitter they are. I do not mean to tell you to be extra cautious while talking to one another. That is not good otherwise there will be more silence than talking. All that I am saying is that you two must be in control of your conversation rather than the conversation controls you. If one of you gets upset then the best way to handle the situation is by kindly talking it over rather than spilling out rude words or showing body language that is not appropriate. You two must understand that most of the problems in marriage and other relationships are caused by misunderstanding and what Sigmund Freud described as ego. At the lectures in our courses, the lecturers try to tell us how to handle our ego and help from keeping it away from our relationships. Your ego is your self esteem. It is something that always wants to keep you superior in front of your counterpart. In a healthy relationship the two of you must look to make a compromise with your ego placing more importance to your partner. It is not a problem if the male partner first says hello. There should be

Leadership Styles Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership Styles Change - Essay Example Further more the definitions suggest that there need to be an" invisible force" to push people to do something in return. It could also be deduced from the definition that having a motivated work force or an environment in which high levels of motivation are maintained remains a challenge for today's management. This challenge may emanate from the simple fact that motivation is not a fixed trait -as it could change with changes in personal, psychological, financial or social factors Against this background, this paper examines this paper examines how different leadership styles changes with respect to the practical application of Theory X and theory Y. The first part of the paper examines theory X and Theory Y, while the second part if the paper looks at different leadership styles. In the third part of the paper, looks at and presents relevant conclusions and recommendations. According to Mac Gregory in this theory, management assumes employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can. The researcher posits further that workers inherently dislike work need to be closely supervised through a comprehensive system of control. The theory X of Mac Gregory further assumes that, a hierarchical structure is needed with narrow span of control at each level. According to this theory, employees will show little ambition without an enticing incentive program and will avoid responsibility whenever they can. Leadership in Theory X tends to believe that everything must end in blaming someone. He or she thinks all prospective employees are only out for themselves (Friedlander, 1966). 1.2 Theory Y As opposed to theory X, Mac posits that, employees are ambitious, self-motivated, and exercise self-control. Mac stipulates further that employees enjoy their mental and physical work duties. A Theory Y leader believes that, given the right conditions, most people will want to put in the best effort to do their work effectively. Leaders of theory Y believe that the satisfaction of doing a good job is a strong motivation. Many people interpret Theory Y as a positive set of beliefs about workers. A close reading of The Human Side of Enterprise reveals that McGregor simply argues for managers to be open to a more positive view of workers and the possibilities that this creates. Theory X and Y are not different ends of the same continuum. Rather they are two different continua in themselves. Thus,

Heathcliff and Cathy (Wuthering Heights) Essay Example for Free

Heathcliff and Cathy (Wuthering Heights) Essay Through the duration of Heathcliffs life, he encounters many tumultuous events that affects him as a person and transforms his rage deeper into his soul, for which he is unable to escape his nature. Love, however, seems to be at the centre of his rage. From the beginning of the novel (and most likely from the beginning of Heathcliffs life) he has suffered pain and rejection. When Mr. Earnshaw brings him to Wuthering Heights, he is viewed as a thing rather than a child. Mrs. Earnshaw was ready to fling it out the doors, while Nelly put it on the landing of the stairs hoping that it would be gone the next day. Hindley had a deep sibling rivalry for the child. Without having done anything to deserve rejection, Heathcliff is made to feel like an outsider. Following the death of Mr. Earnshaw, Heathcliff suffers cruel mistreatment at the hands of Hindley. It seems that in these tender years, he is deprived of love, friendship, and education. He is separated from the family, reduced to the status of a servant, undergoes regular beatings, but most of all, he is forcibly separated from his soul mate, Catherine. The personality that Heathcliff develops in his adulthood has been formed in response to these hardships of his childhood. The most implicating sense of alienation occurs with Catherines marriage to Edgar, Heathcliff considers this a betrayal of his love for her, since she wants the social status and existence at the Grange. Heathcliff is however proud and determined and does not cower when opposed by those consider themselves to be superiors. Finally, when he realizes that Catherine has chosen status, wealth and position over him, he disappears for three years and returns in the manner of a gentleman. Nelly, I see now you think me a selfish wretch; but did it never strike you that if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars? whereas, if I marry Linton I can aid Heathcliff to rise, and place him out of my brothers power.' The problem, however, is the nature behind Catherine Lintons romantic ideology. She boldly loves Heathcliff for who he is, it seems she is quite selfish in some ways and cares equally about status since her stay at Thrushcross Grange. While she weighs the options of either being with the wild but alluring Heathcliff over the wealthy but displeasing Edgar Linton, she decides that her own needs and wants could be fulfilled. How wrong she was. These lines show her struggle, they show her ignorance, and give the reader the sense that her whole life revolves around herself. She liked the attention that she got from this predicament and will continue to get attention until it finally kills her. The passage indicates a dilemma among one self. This type of problem usually centers on the ignorance of the subject. She lead herself into a to a self-inflicting sickness ultimately leading to the deterioration of the mind and the body. It is in this one dialogue that defines her character for the rest of the novel. Good intentioned, but nonetheless has the wrong idea. She is a woman who, in her fatal decision, has killed herself. From then on, Heathcliff is in reality, a man torn between love and hate. Since his depths of his passions, he hates as deeply as he loves. As Heathcliff approaches death and a reunion of Catherine, he no longer has an interest for revenge. He falls deeply into a spiritual torment. He is a powerful villain driven by revenge, and made emotionally unstable by Catherines marriage. This later Heathcliff is characterized by coldness; by an incapacity to love and ultimately by getting revenge against those who have disconnected him with his beloved Catherine. Just as he begins life, he ends life as an unloved, lonely outsider.

joeseph stalin :: essays research papers

Joseph Stalin was a man who had many accomplishments in his lifetime. He was a family man, a business man, and a political leader of one of the worlds largest super powers. He is noted for having control over more people for a greater amount of time than anyone before or since his time. He is compared to Ghengis Kahn and Ivan the terrible. Stalin had a unique way of thinking and governing this became known as Stalinism He had thoughts and ideas that affect our world even today. Joseph Stalin was born in1879 by the name Joseph Vissarionovich Djugashville on the twenty-first of December in the small town of Gori Georgia into a poor poverty stricken family. His father was an unsuccessful cobbler he was also an alcoholic who beat Joseph mercilessly, and was killed in a bar fight were he was stabbed to death. Stalin’s mother was more supportive of him, Her name was Ekiterena She was a simple washerwoman who had hoped for Joseph to become a priest. Joseph Had no siblings, he was the last born child and only to survive infancy. His mother was said to be very attentive to him, it is said that â€Å"her attentiveness encouraged Stalin to self- idolization, while the deprivations of his childhood may have made compensatory life physiologically indispensable. In any event young Stalin given to identify with hero-like figures† (William G. Rosenberg) This is why he was given his nick name Koba after a fictional mountain hero. His family squalor gave him ambition and an acute Consciousness on class, but his Georgian background also taught him a bit of brutality and vengeance. In 1893 Stalin entered Tifilis Theological Seminary â€Å"the discipline there was another impetus toward revolutionary activism.† (Joseph Stalin). Soon after in 1898 he was involved in radical political activity. And in the next year he left the seminary before he graduated and became a revolutionary organizer by 1901 he was a member of the Georgian branch of the social democratic party. He roamed the caucuses, agitating among co workers, he helped with strikes, and spreading socialist literature he had no charisma or oral skill but seamed to be talented at practical organization, and in his dull appearance concealed a genuine genius and an acute memory which helped him in several ways. Later in 1903 the social democrats split into two groups leaving Stalin to choose which side to join, the sides were the Boshlevics and the Mensheviks.

Value Proposition of Gym/Spa Business

A business endeavor like a gym and spa is a rewarding one, due to the fact that you are not only doing business but you are doing people a favor as well. What is nice about a proposed gym/spa business that it complements each other, a spa will always complement to a spa, because it provides the clients a chance to relax after a rigorous workout. Aside from that, the owner of such business can have lots of opportunities the bodybuilding and fitness industry has its complementary products as well. Among these are food supplements that people place a premium nowadays. This can fuel the revenues of the business as well. On the other hand, the spa will draw ladies and metrosexuals who are put a premium on wellness services. The spa will complement the gym and it is evident among prominent gyms with their own spa services. Pricing and Advertising The gym/spa will get athletes and sports celebrities as their endorsers. This will enable the gym/spa to draw clients which will be motivated to enroll in the gym/spa. The payment will be on a monthly, quarterly, and annual basis. This will give potential clients the option to enroll at the gym/spa based on their income. Market Niche of a Gym/Spa Business A slogan that can be used with this business is â€Å"Health is Wellness, The Rest Would be for The Best!† The gym/spa business will hold a firm position on its market niche because it will draw people from all walks of life that makes this business worthwhile and lucrative.   Mostly the people who are stressed-out from work will draw your attention. It is evident among gyms like Fitness First and Gold’s Gym who have their own spa amenities inside the gym. Another thing is that, you can engage into this business with some of your friends, so as to draw a variety of crowd that will eventually be your regular clients. SWOT Analysis Strengths  § The gym/spa showcases a wide variety of state of the art amenities and equipment that will promote fitness.  § It has other amenities aside from the usual gym/spa that will augment the gym/spa itself. Weaknesses  § The gym/spa will have a hard time enticing blue collar workers because of its massive advertising using celebrities.  § It is a hindrance that there would be a possibility that the gym/spa can only accommodate a certain number of clients inside the vicinity. Opportunities  § The gym/spa will have potential consignments with other business establishments, such as nutritional supplement shops that will augment the advertising of the gym spa.  § The gym/spa can make their service 24 hours a day because there are people’s work shifts vary. Threats  § The gym/spa is deemed to get a demand for the increase in payments if ever client enrolment will be at a low. Nearby gyms like those within the neighborhood will be a petty yet potential com

Carl Rogers Founder of the Humanistic Approach to Psychology

Carl Rogers (1902-1987)  is considered one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. He is best known for developing the psychotherapy method called client-centered therapy and as one of the founders of humanistic psychology. Fast Facts: Carl Rogers Full Name: Carl Ransom RogersKnown For: Developing client-centered therapy and helping to found humanistic psychologyBorn: January 8, 1902 in Oak Park, IllinoisDied: February 4, 1987 in La Jolla, CaliforniaParents: Walter Rogers, a civil engineer, and Julia Cushing, a homemakerEducation: M.A. and Ph.D., Columbia University Teachers CollegeKey Accomplishments: President of American Psychological Association in 1946; Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987 Early Life Carl Rogers was born in 1902 in Oak Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. He was the fourth of six children and grew up in a deeply religious household. He went to college at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he planned to study agriculture. However, he soon changed his focus to history and religion. After earning his bachelor’s degree in history in 1924, Rogers entered the Union Theological Seminary in New York City with plans to become a minister. It was there that his interests shifted to psychology. He left the seminary after two years to attend Columbia University’s Teachers College, where he studied clinical psychology, completing his M.A. in 1928 and Ph.D. in 1931. Psychological Career While he was still earning his Ph.D. in 1930, Rogers became the director of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in Rochester, New York. He then spent several years in academia. He lectured at the University of Rochester from 1935 to 1940 and became a professor of clinical psychology at Ohio State University in 1940. In 1945 he moved to the University of Chicago as a professor of psychology  and then to his undergraduate alma mater, the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1957. Throughout this time he was developing his psychological perspective and formulating his approach to therapy, which he initially dubbed â€Å"nondirective therapy,† but is better known today as client-centered or person-centered therapy. In 1942 he wrote the book Counseling and Psychotherapy, where he proposed that therapists should seek to understand and accept their clients, because it is through such nonjudgmental acceptance that clients can begin to change and improve their well-being. While he was at the University of Chicago, Rogers established a counseling center to study his therapy methods. He published the results of that research in the books Client-Centered Therapy in 1951 and Psychotherapy and Personality Change in 1954. It was during this time that his ideas started gaining influence in the field. Then, in 1961 while he was at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, he wrote one of his most well-known works, On Becoming a Person. 1966: Psychiatrist Carl Rogers (2R) leading a panel discussing mental health issues. The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images / Getty Images In 1963, Rogers left academia to join the Western Behavioral Sciences Institute in La Jolla, California. A few years later, in 1968, he and some other staff members from the Institute opened the Center for Studies of the Person, where Rogers remained until his death in 1987. Just weeks after his 85th birthday and shortly after he died, Rogers was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. Important Theories When Rogers started working as a psychologist, psychoanalysis and behaviorism were the reigning theories in the field. While psychoanalysis and behaviorism were different in many ways, one thing the two perspectives had in common was their emphasis on a human’s lack of control over their motivations. Psychoanalysis attributed behavior to unconscious drives, while behaviorism pointed to biological drives and environmental reinforcement as the motivations for behavior. Starting in the 1950s, psychologists, including Rogers, responded to this view of human behavior with the humanistic approach to psychology, which offered a less pessimistic perspective. Humanists championed the idea that people are motivated by higher-order needs. Specifically, they argued that the overarching human motivation is to actualize the self. Rogers’ ideas exemplified the humanists’ perspective and remain influential today.  The following are some of his most important theories. Self-Actualization Like his fellow humanist Abraham Maslow, Rogers believed humans are primarily driven by the motivation to self-actualize, or achieve their full potential.  However, people are constrained by their environments so they will only be able to self-actualize if their environment supports them. Unconditional Positive Regard Unconditional positive regard is offered in a social situation when an individual is supported and not judged regardless of what the individual does or says. In client-centered therapy, the therapist must offer the client unconditional positive regard.   Rogers distinguished between unconditional positive regard and conditional positive regard. People who are offered unconditional positive regard are accepted no matter what, instilling the person with the confidence needed to experiment with what life has to offer and make mistakes. Meanwhile, if only conditional positive regard is offered, the individual will only receive approval and love if they behave in ways that meet a social partners approval.   People who experience unconditional positive regard, especially from their parents while they are growing up, are more likely to self-actualize. Congruence Rogers said that people have a concept of their ideal self and they want to feel and act in ways that are consistent with this ideal. However, the ideal self often doesn’t match with the person’s image of who they are, which causes a state of incongruence. While everyone experiences a certain degree of incongruence, if the ideal self and the self-image have a large degree of overlap, the individual will come closer to achieving a state of congruence. Rogers explained that the path to congruence is unconditional positive regard and the pursuit of self-actualization. The Fully Functioning Person Rogers called an individual who achieves self-actualization a fully functioning person. According to Rogers, fully functioning people exhibit seven traits: Openness to experienceLiving in the momentTrust in one’s feelings and instinctsSelf-direction and the ability to make independent choicesCreativity and malleabilityReliabilityFeeling fulfilled and satisfied by life Fully functioning people are congruent and have received unconditional positive regard. In many ways, full functioning is an ideal that can’t be completely achieved, but those who come close are always growing and changing as they strive to self-actualize. Personality Development Rogers also developed a personality theory. He referred to who an individual really is as the self or self-concept and identified three components of the self-concept: Self-image or how individuals see themselves. One’s ideas about self-image can be positive or negative and impact what they experience and how they act.Self-worth or the value individuals place on themselves. Rogers felt self-worth was forged in childhood through individuals’ interactions with their parents.Ideal Self or the person an individual wants to be. The ideal self changes as we grow and our priorities change. Legacy Rogers remains one of the most influential figures in psychology today. A study found that since his death in 1987, publications on his client-centered approach have increased and research has confirmed the importance of many of his ideas, including unconditional positive regard. Rogers ideas about acceptance and support have also become the cornerstone of many helping professions, including social work, education, and child care. 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Rogers.org, 2015. http://carlrrogers.org/aboutCarlRogers.htmlThe Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. â€Å"Carl Rogers: American Psychologist.† Encyclo paedia Britannica, 31 January 2019. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Rogers